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Making 10 with Number Bonds

Lesson Plan
Kindergarten
English

Making 10 with Number Bonds

Lesson Overview

Grade Level: Kindergarten Subject: Mathematics Topic: Number Bonds for 10 Duration: 45 minutes

Learning Objective

Students will be able to find the missing part that makes 10 when given a number from 1 to 9, using ten-frames and number bonds to represent the relationship.

Standards Alignment

  • CCSS K.OA.A.4: For any number from 1 to 9, find the number that makes 10 when added to the given number, e.g., by using objects or drawings, and record the answer with a drawing or equation.
  • TEKS K.2(I): Compose and decompose numbers up to 10 with objects and pictures.
  • SOL K.4(a): The student will recognize and describe with fluency part-whole relationships for numbers up to 10.


EL Vocabulary Scaffold

Use the following visual and verbal cues to support English Learners:
  • Whole: The total number (in this lesson, it is always 10).
  • Part: One of the smaller groups that combine to make the whole.
  • Bond: A connection between the parts and the whole.
  • Ten: The number 10, represented by a full ten-frame.

Materials

  • Blank Ten-frames (one per student)
  • Two-colored counters (10 per student)
  • Number Bond mats (one per student or dry-erase)
  • "Making 10" Practice Worksheet
  • Pencils and crayons


Lesson Procedure

1. Hook (10 Minutes)

  1. Gather students on the rug. Show a large ten-frame on the board.
  1. Place 6 red counters on the frame.
  1. Ask: "I have 6 counters. How many empty squares are left?"
  1. Invite a student to fill the empty squares with yellow counters.
  1. Explain: "When we fill every box, we have 10! We just found out that 6 and 4 make 10."
fig 1: A blank ten-frame used to visualize groups of 10.
fig 1: A blank ten-frame used to visualize groups of 10.


2. I-Do: Modeling (8 Minutes)

  1. Introduce the Number Bond. Show how the "Whole" (10) sits at the top and connects to two "Parts" below.
  1. Model: "If my whole is 10, and one part is 7, I can use my ten-frame to find the other part."
  1. Demonstrate placing 7 counters, then counting the remaining 3 empty spots.
  1. Write '10' in the whole circle, '7' in one part, and '3' in the other.
fig 2: A simple number bond structure showing the whole and its two parts.
fig 2: A simple number bond structure showing the whole and its two parts.


3. We-Do: Guided Practice (10 Minutes)

  1. Distribute ten-frames and counters to each student.
  1. Prompt: "Everyone put 5 counters on your ten-frame. How many more do we need to make 10?"
  1. Guide students to fill the rest and count (5).
  1. Together, draw a number bond on the board/mats: Whole = 10, Part 1 = 5, Part 2 = 5.
  1. Repeat with the number 8.

4. You-Do: Independent Practice (12 Minutes)

Students will complete the Making 10 Worksheet (embedded below). They may use their ten-frames and counters to help solve the problems.

5. Differentiation

  • Beginning: Provide ten-frames with the first part already colored in. Students only need to count the empty squares.
  • Intermediate: Students use blank ten-frames and counters to find the missing part for numbers 1-9.
  • Advanced: Ask students to write an addition equation (e.g.,
    
    ) underneath each number bond they complete.


Assessment

Exit Ticket

Ask students to draw or write the answer to these three questions on a sticky note or small paper:
  1. If I have 9, how many more do I need to make 10?
  1. If I have 2, how many more do I need to make 10?
  1. Draw a number bond where 10 is the whole and 5 is one part. What is the other part?


Practice Worksheet

Name:
Date:
Making 10: Number Bonds Find the missing part to make 10!
10
8
?
10
4
?
10
1
?
10
7
?
Challenge: Choose your own number to make 10:
10